Today we are breaking down the $140 Billion freight railroad business, Union Pacific. We cover the consolidation of the freight railroad industry, how they have been revived by a change in operating philosophy, and contrast rails with other modes of transportation.
Our guest is Matt Reustle, the CEO of Colossus and a former transport analyst.
Show Notes
[00:00:00] – Introduction
[00:03:01] – [First question] – A general overview of the transportation sector
[00:05:38] – What a Class 1 railway is and what the railway industry looks like
[00:07:40] – Is there cartel-like behavior and collusion between railway companies?
[00:12:24] – What a rail network consists of at the unit and asset level
[00:17:48] – Whether or not consumer railroads are independent from freight railroads
[00:18:57] – Interchange when goods are transferred from the east coast to the west coast
[00:20:17] – Who Union Pacific’s customers are, what they move, and their business writ large
[00:25:35] – The Box; Whether or not all transport volume in 50 years will be intermodal
[00:26:37] – How they determine the rate they charge customers
[00:28:41] – Ways that geography impacts what is being transported
[00:31:28] – The income statement and economics of rails through the lens of UNP
[00:36:11] – Improving efficiency and ROI while not having to submit to customers
[00:40:12] – How different policies affect railway margin profiles
[00:41:56] – Operating ratios and why they’re the metric most referenced for performance
[00:44:38] – The nature of cyclicality and its driving forces
[00:48:15] – Thoughts about capital allocation given being high CapEx and their free cash flow
[00:52:27] – How inflation and current events lately positively and negatively affect UNP
[00:54:16] – What would make him nervous as an analyst looking at UNP in the years ahead
[00:56:33] – Talk or plans to electrify and migrate away from fossil fuels
[00:58:22] – Lessons learned from UNP that could be applied to other industries and investing